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*****                                                        *****
*****       Mona Morgan-Collins (King's College London)      *****
*****        Contact: mona.morgan-collins@dkcl.ac.uk         *****
*****                                                        *****
*****     (Letter) How Gap Measures Determine Results:       *****       
*****    The Case of Proportional Systems and the Gender     ***** 
*****                 Mobilization Gap                       *****
*****                                                        *****
*****        British Journal of Political Science            *****
*****                                                        *****
*****       Replicating Analyses in the Manuscript           *****
*****                                                        *****
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*Table 1: Two Measures in the PR-Gap Debate
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*Nothing to replicate


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*Table 2: Hypothetical Scenario
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*Nothing to replicate


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*Figure 1: Predicting Sensitivity of Measures to Electoral Context
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*Nothing to replicate

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*Figure 2: Kernel Densities of Change in Gender Mobilization Gap 
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*sub-figure a
use dta\parl, clear                              //using parl data set
*Women's Share
#delimit ; 
twoway(kdensity  ch_turnoutwsh if  year==1921, lcolor(black) lwidth(thick))
(kdensity  ch_turnoutwsh if year==1918, lcolor(gray) lwidth(thick) lpattern(dash))
, legend(off) xline(0, lcolor(black)) scheme(s1mono) title("",  size(huge)) ysize(5)
 xlabel(-50(25)50, labsize(vlarge)) xtitle("Change in Women's Share Among Voters", size(large)) 
 ylabel(0(0.05)0.15, labsize(vlarge)) ytitle("Density", size(vlarge)) 
 text(0.03 29 "Introduced PR", color(black) size(med)) 
 text(0.1 28 "Did not introduce PR", color(gray) size(med));  
#delimit cr
*Difference in Turnout
#delimit ; 
twoway(kdensity  ch_turnoutg if  year==1921, lcolor(black) lwidth(thick))
(kdensity  ch_turnoutg if year==1918, lcolor(gray) lwidth(thick) lpattern(dash))
, legend(off) xline(0, lcolor(black)) scheme(s1mono) title("",  size(huge)) ysize(5)
 xlabel(-50(25)50, labsize(vlarge)) xtitle("Change in Difference in Turnout", size(large)) 
 ylabel(0(0.05)0.15, labsize(vlarge)) ytitle("Density", size(vlarge))  
 text(0.03 32 "Introduced PR", color(black) size(med)) 
 text(0.065 28 "Did not introduce PR", color(gray) size(med));  
#delimit cr 
sum ch_turnoutg ch_turnoutwsh  if year==1921  //92 districts with PR reform 
sum ch_turnoutg if year==1921 & ch_turnoutg<0 //turnout gap widened in 30 districts with PR reform, 32.6%
sum ch_turnoutwsh if  year==1921 & ch_turnoutwsh<0 //women's share decreased in 31 districts with PR reform, 33.7%
sum ch_turnoutg ch_turnoutwsh  if year==1918  //92 districts before PR reform 
sum ch_turnoutg if year==1918 & ch_turnoutg<0 //turnout gap widened in 59 districts before PR reform, 64.1%
sum ch_turnoutwsh if  year==1918 & ch_turnoutwsh<0 //women's share decreased in 57 districts before PR reform, 61.2%

*sub-figure b  
use dta\munic1619bal, clear                              //using munic1619bal data set
*Women's Share
#delimit ; 
twoway(kdensity  ch_turnoutwsh if maj16==1 & year==1919, lcolor(black) lwidth(thick))
(kdensity  ch_turnoutwsh if maj16==0 & year==1919, lcolor(gray) lwidth(thick) lpattern(dash)),
 legend(off) xline(0, lcolor(black)) scheme(s1mono) title("",  size(huge)) ysize(5)
 xlabel(-50(25)50, labsize(vlarge)) xtitle("Change in Women's Share Among Voters", size(large)) 
 ylabel(0(0.025)0.1, labsize(vlarge)) ytitle("Density", size(vlarge)) 
 text(0.043 25 "Introduced PR", color(black) size(med)) 
 text(0.075 28 "Did not introduce PR", color(gray) size(med)); 
#delimit cr
*Women-Men Difference
#delimit ; 
twoway(kdensity  ch_turnoutg if maj16==1 & year==1919, lcolor(black) lwidth(thick))
(kdensity  ch_turnoutg if maj16==0 & year==1919, lcolor(gray) lwidth(thick) lpattern(dash)),
 legend(off) xline(0, lcolor(black)) scheme(s1mono) title("",  size(huge)) ysize(5)
 xlabel(-50(25)50, labsize(vlarge)) xtitle("Change in Difference in Turnout", size(large)) 
 ylabel(0(0.025)0.1, labsize(vlarge)) ytitle("Density", size(vlarge))  
 text(0.03 29 "Introduced PR", color(black) size(med)) 
 text(0.05 31 "Did not introduce PR", color(gray) size(med)); 
#delimit cr
sum ch_turnoutg ch_turnoutwsh  if maj16==1 & year==1919  //278 municipalities with PR reform between 1916 and 1919
sum ch_turnoutg if maj16==1 & year==1919 & ch_turnoutg<0 //gap widened in 116 municipalities with PR reform between 1916 and 1919, 41.7%
sum ch_turnoutwsh if maj16==1 & year==1919 & ch_turnoutwsh<0 //women's share decreased in 43 municipalities with PR reform between 1916 and 1919, 15.5%
sum ch_turnoutg ch_turnoutwsh if maj16==0 & year==1919  //379 municipalities that already adopted PR reform in or before 1916 
sum ch_turnoutg if maj16==0 & year==1919 & ch_turnoutg<0 //gap widened in 170 municipalities that already adopted PR, 44.9%
sum ch_turnoutwsh if maj16==0 & year==1919 & ch_turnoutwsh<0 //women's share decreased in 163 municipalities that already adopted PR, 43%


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*Figure 3: The Effect of Pre-Reform Men's Turnout on Change in Gap Measures; Adjusted Means 
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*LOCAL 
use dta\munic1619bal, clear                              //using munic1619bal data set
*subfigure a
reg ch_turnoutwsh  turnoutm16  fact20 intel20 marw20 i.urban     , robust  ,  if maj16==1 & year==1919  
margins, at(turnoutm16 = (9 (1) 91))
#delimit ;
 marginsplot, 
 title("Local Elections", size(vlarge) ) 
 ytitle("Linear Prediction", size(vlarge) ) 
 ylabel(-20(10)20, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 xtitle ("Pre-Reform Men's Turnout (1916)", size(vlarge)) 
 xlabel(0(25)100, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 plotopts(msymbol(o) msize(huge)  lwidth(thick) lpattern(solid) color(black)) 
 ciopts(lpattern(dash) color(black) lwidth(medthick) msymbol (none)) recast(line) recastci(rconnected)  
 legend(off) scheme(s1mono) ysize(5) yline(0)  ;
#delimit cr
*sub-figure b
reg ch_turnoutg  c.turnoutm16##c.turnoutm16   fact20 intel20 marw20 i.urban    , robust  ,  if maj16==1 & year==1919  
margins, at(turnoutm16 = (9 (1) 91))
#delimit ;
 marginsplot, 
 title("Local Elections", size(vlarge) ) 
 ytitle("Linear Prediction", size(vlarge) ) 
 ylabel(-20(10)20, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 xtitle ("Pre-Reform Men's Turnout (1916)", size(vlarge)) 
 xlabel(0(25)100, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 plotopts(msymbol(o) msize(huge)  lwidth(thick) lpattern(solid) color(black)) 
 ciopts(lpattern(dash) color(black) lwidth(medthick) msymbol (none)) recast(line) recastci(rconnected)  
 legend(off) scheme(s1mono) ysize(5) yline(0)  ;
#delimit cr

*PARLIAMENTARY 
use dta\parl, clear                              //using parl data set
*sub-figure a
reg  ch_turnoutwsh Lturnoutm  fact20 intel20 marw20 i.urban i.PR_district  if  year==1921, cluster(PR_district)
margins, at(Lturnoutm = (38 (1) 91))
#delimit ;
 marginsplot, 
 title("Parliamentary Elections", size(vlarge) ) 
 ytitle("Linear Prediction", size(vlarge) ) 
 ylabel(-20(10)20, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 xtitle ("Pre-Reform Men's Turnout (1918)", size(vlarge)) 
 xlabel(0(25)100, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 plotopts(msymbol(o) msize(huge)  lwidth(thick) lpattern(solid) color(black)) 
 ciopts(lpattern(dash) color(black) lwidth(medthick) msymbol (none)) recast(line) recastci(rconnected)  
 legend(off) scheme(s1mono) ysize(5) yline(0)  ;
#delimit cr
*sub-figure b
reg  ch_turnoutg c.Lturnoutm##c.Lturnoutm fact20 intel20 marw20 i.urban   i.PR_district if  year==1921, cluster(PR_district)
margins, at(Lturnoutm = (38 (1) 91))
#delimit ;
 marginsplot, 
 title("Parliamentary Elections", size(vlarge) ) 
 ytitle("Linear Prediction", size(vlarge) ) 
 ylabel(-20(10)20, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 xtitle ("Pre-Reform Men's Turnout (1918)", size(vlarge)) 
 xlabel(0(25)100, labsize(vlarge) ) 
 plotopts(msymbol(o) msize(huge)  lwidth(thick) lpattern(solid) color(black)) 
 ciopts(lpattern(dash) color(black) lwidth(medthick) msymbol (none)) recast(line) recastci(rconnected)  
 legend(off) scheme(s1mono) ysize(5) yline(0)  ;
#delimit cr

